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Minimum Payment

The minimum payment on a credit card is the smallest amount you must pay each month to avoid late fees. Paying only the minimum traps borrowers in long-term debt.

Definition: The smallest amount a credit card holder is required to pay each billing cycle to keep the account in good standing and avoid late fees. Typically calculated as either a fixed dollar amount (e.g., $25) or a percentage of the balance (often 1-3%) plus the month's accrued interest, whichever is greater.

How it works

Minimum payments are designed to maximize the issuer's interest revenue while keeping the account current. Paying only the minimum on a typical credit card balance can result in a payoff timeline of 15-25+ years and total interest payments that exceed the original balance. The federal CARD Act of 2009 requires credit card statements to show how long minimum-payment payoff would take and the total interest cost — read those boxes on your statement.

Example

A $5,000 balance at 22% APR with a 2% minimum payment ($100/month initially) takes approximately 25+ years to pay off and costs roughly $7,000+ in interest if only minimums are paid. The same balance with $200/month payments pays off in about 33 months at ~$1,500 interest cost. Doubling the minimum cuts payoff time to about 1/9 the duration.

Comparison + context

Why minimums exist: Issuers profit from carried balances. Minimums are calibrated to prevent default while maximizing carried interest. The minimum payment trap: As balance decreases, minimum decreases proportionally — extending payoff. Paying a flat amount above the minimum (e.g., always paying $300/month even as the minimum drops) breaks the trap.

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